Use the “Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template” to compare three types of translational research with traditional (qualitative or quantitative) research. Make sure to include methodology, goals, and data collection in your organizer.
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Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template
T1 research
Descriptive research (quantitative and qualitative research)
Observations (Similarities/Differences)
Methodology
T1 research focuses on converting other research into human studies with the intention of developing medical treatments or interventions. It can apply three methodologies: phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials, case studies; and observational studies. The methodology is applied to verify previously held notions that were determined from basic research. A basic research is initially conducted to collect information that is then translated through the T1 research as the first step. The initial basic research tests the medical treatments and/or interventions in models/mediums that are not human. T1 research applies the same approaches, but changes the subjects/participants into humans since the result is to determine the value of the intervention/treatment to humans. As such, the methodologies applied in T1 research seek to develop proof of concept for basic research results through involving human participants and developing an understanding of how the unique human physiology affects the concept. Other than engaging human participants, T1 research can use animal models or preclinical trials to approximate effects on human physiology (Wehling, 2015).
Descriptive research focuses on understanding the environmental context in which a subject exists. It can apply three methodologies: observation; case study; and survey research (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
Observation involves scrutinizing a subject in the natural environment without directly engaging the subject. It is applied in both quantitative and qualitative research. Applied in quantitative research, it involves collecting quantitative data (numbers and values) that are subjected to statistical and numerical analysis to develop a better understanding of the subject or population. Data collected could include age, weight and height.
Applied in qualitative research, it involves recording characteristics that present an understanding of what the subject is experiencing (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
Case study involves developing a hypothesis by conducting an in-depth study of the subject. The intention is to inform a future research study (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
Survey involves engaging the subject to answer questions designed to offer a better understanding of the subject. The questions are presented using surveys, polls and questionnaires (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
A reviews of the methodologies applied in T1 research and descriptive research reveals that they similarities and differences.
Both T1 and descriptive research use observations and case studies to collect data.
However, the two are fundamentally different.
T1 research methods focus on turning basic research into medical intervention and treatment. It marks the first step in the translation process, and is intended to make tentative evaluations about whether or not the medical intervention/treatment is likely to work for humans.
On the other hand, descriptive research methods focus on evaluating data collected from interacting with the subject to evaluate relationships with the environment.
Goals
The primary goal of T1 research is to determine whether a medical intervention/treatment evaluated to work in non-human studies could work in human subjects. The research goal is to translate basic research into human research through a proof of concept evaluation (Shahzad, 2015).
The primary goal of descriptive research is to understand how a subject relates to the environment. It describes the data and characteristics of the subject to develop an understanding that can be generalized for the population (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
It has four goals. The first goal is to understand how time affects the relationship between the subject and the environment. This requires that the research be conducted at different times to understand what changes over time.
The second goal is to understand the subject’s prevailing conditions and underlying patterns, such as association between income and health.
The third goal is to compare how different subjects respond to the same conditions or how the same subject responds to different conditions.
The fourth goal is to define the subject characteristics such as patterns, traits and behaviors (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
T1 research and descriptive research have similarities and differences.
The two are similar in collecting data that helps in developing a better understanding of the subjects. Their goal is to understand the subject.
Still, a more in-depth analysis reveals that they have different goals.
The goal of T1 research is to develop medical treatments and interventions by translating basic research into human research.
On the other hand, the goal of descriptive research is to understand how the subject relates to the environment in terms of time, conditions and patterns, and characteristics.
Data Collection
T1 research makes use of surveys, questionnaires, interviews, data reported by the patients, medical records, and biological samples as data collection tools (Wehling, 2015).
Descriptive research makes use of surveys, questionnaires, interviews, observations, and focus group discussions as data collection tools (Richards & Hallberg, 2015).
T1 research and descriptive research are similar in their reliance on primary data. They collect data by directly engaging the subjects.
References
Richards, D. & Hallberg, R. (2015). Complex Interventions in Health: An overview of research methods . New York, NY: Routledge.
Shahzad, A. (2015). Translation medicine: tools and techniques . New York, NY: Elsevier Science.
Wehling, M. (2015). Principles of translational science in medicine: from bench to bedside . New York, NY: Elsevier Science.
